National Diploma in Sport
Respiratory Test
- Label the diagram of the respiratory system
- What does VO2 Max mean and what unit is it measured in?
VO2 max is the maximal oxygen uptake or the maximum volume of oxygen that can be utilized in one minute during maximal or exhaustive exercise. It is measured as milliliters of oxygen used in one minute per kilogram of body weight
VO2max is a measure of your capacity for aerobic work and, thus, can be a predictor of your potential as an endurance athlete
- Can you give me an example of VO2 max for a normal person and a highly trained athlete?
A high vo2 max would be 72 ml per kilo gram of body weight per minute.
VO2 max varies greatly between individuals and even between elite athletes that compete in the same sport. One study followed a group of 12-year-old boys through to the age of 20 - half of which were trained, the other half untrained but active. Relative to bodyweight no differences in VO2 max were found between the groups suggesting that training had no influence on maximal oxygen uptake. However, when VO2 max was expressed relative to body surface area, there was a significant difference between groups and maximal oxygen uptake did indeed increase in proportion to training.
- Explain Pulmonary Ventilation?
The breathing of air in and out of the lungs.
- Explain External Respiration?
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the blood.
- Explain internal respiration?
Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and muscle and tissue.
- Why does the left lung only have two lobes and the right three?
so the heart has a lot of room.
- The alveoli are surrounded by capillaries why is this?
The alveoli are surrounded by an extensive network of capillaries again reducing the gaseous exchange distance.
- Can you describe the 5 factors that happen during inspiration (explaining whether they are active or passive)?
- Can you describe the five factors that happen during expiration (explaining whether they are active or passive)?
- What is Tidal Volume?
This is the volume of air inspired or expired per breath approximately 500ml when at rest
- What is inspiratory reserve volume?
When you take a normal resting breath in you are able to inspire further this is your inspiratory reserve volume.
- What is expiratory reserve volume?
Stimulates the expiratory muscles, the internal intercostal, rectus abdominus and obliques, this causes a forced expiration which reduces the duration of inspiration.
- What is residual volume and why is it needed?
Even when you try and breath out as much as possible there is always some air left in your lungs this is your residual volume about 1200ml.
- What is inspiratory capacity?
This is when you exhale normally and then inhale maximally. This is a total of your tidal volume (TV) and your inspiratory reserve volume. This is normally about 3500ml.
- What is vital capacity?
This is the maximum amount of air that can be expired after maximal inhalation. Usually about 4600ml. This total is the sum of inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), Tidal Volume (TV) and expiratory reserve volumes.
- What is total lung capacity?
This is one maximal breath in. It represents (RV, ERV, TV and IRV) the figure for TLC is usually around 5800ml.
- What is minute ventilation?
the exchange of air between the lungs and the environment, including inhalation and exhalation.
- What happens to minute ventilation during exercise, explain why this happens?
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